What were the causes of the ethnonational group divisions and how are the Yugoslav conflicts remembered? What is the role of the interpretation of history in constructing enemy images and shaping
ethnonational attitudes? In what way(s) are historical knowledge and enemy images transferred? These are some of the questions this study tries to answer. More specifically, the first aim of this study is to explore the relationships between historical memories and group attitudes to determine whether the positive or negative ways of remembering an event and the groups involved in it will have an influence on positive and negative attitude development toward such groups. This study was conducted in Croatia by dividing the country into conflict affected and conflict averted zones. By conducting a simple random sample of the two zones, three counties were selected from each zone. Of the 303 survey instruments distributed in both conflict and non conflict zones, 210 or 69.3 percent were returned. Out of the 210 survey participants, 48.6 percent (N=102) came from the non-war affected areas and 51.4 percent (N=108) from conflict affected areas. About 82.4 (N=159) respondents came from an urban area. The rural area was represented by 34 respondents or 17.6 percent. Finally, this study postulates that the more negative memories individuals have about an event, the more negative their attitudes will be toward the groups involved in such incidents. Hence, the way we collectively remember a group will dictate the way we will behave towards the out-group.