Ph.D, Department of Politics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, 1979
B.A, Department of Economics, Temple University, (Cum Laude) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1967, Certificate Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt,
in German Federal Republic of Germany, 1977
Fulbright Scholar Award with the OSCE Regional Research Program. Interviewed (primarily) heads of delegation of 46 of the 55 OSCE participating states, 5 officials of the OSCE Secretariat, and 4 OSCE Partners for Cooperation in Vienna, Austria, regarding their views on peace and security in post-Cold War Europe, two years after the Dayton Peace Accords stopped the wars in Bosnia and two years before the NATO air war against Serbia over the Kosovo issue, Spring/Summer 1997.